pumpkin/hamming/fn.distance_fast.html
2016-05-10 15:03:32 -04:00

207 lines
No EOL
10 KiB
HTML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta name="generator" content="rustdoc">
<meta name="description" content="API documentation for the Rust `distance_fast` fn in crate `hamming`.">
<meta name="keywords" content="rust, rustlang, rust-lang, distance_fast">
<title>hamming::distance_fast - Rust</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../rustdoc.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../main.css">
</head>
<body class="rustdoc">
<!--[if lte IE 8]>
<div class="warning">
This old browser is unsupported and will most likely display funky
things.
</div>
<![endif]-->
<nav class="sidebar">
<p class='location'><a href='index.html'>hamming</a></p><script>window.sidebarCurrent = {name: 'distance_fast', ty: 'fn', relpath: ''};</script><script defer src="sidebar-items.js"></script>
</nav>
<nav class="sub">
<form class="search-form js-only">
<div class="search-container">
<input class="search-input" name="search"
autocomplete="off"
placeholder="Click or press S to search, ? for more options…"
type="search">
</div>
</form>
</nav>
<section id='main' class="content fn">
<h1 class='fqn'><span class='in-band'>Function <a href='index.html'>hamming</a>::<wbr><a class='fn' href=''>distance_fast</a></span><span class='out-of-band'><span id='render-detail'>
<a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">
[<span class='inner'>&#x2212;</span>]
</a>
</span><a id='src-128' class='srclink' href='../src/hamming/distance_.rs.html#83-153' title='goto source code'>[src]</a></span></h1>
<pre class='rust fn'>pub fn distance_fast(x: <a class='primitive' href='https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.slice.html'>&amp;[</a><a class='primitive' href='https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.u8.html'>u8</a><a class='primitive' href='https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.slice.html'>]</a>, y: <a class='primitive' href='https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.slice.html'>&amp;[</a><a class='primitive' href='https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.u8.html'>u8</a><a class='primitive' href='https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.slice.html'>]</a>) -&gt; <a class='enum' href='https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/result/enum.Result.html' title='core::result::Result'>Result</a>&lt;<a class='primitive' href='https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.u64.html'>u64</a>, DistanceError&gt;</pre><div class='docblock'><p>Computes the bitwise <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamming_distance">Hamming
distance</a> between
<code>x</code> and <code>y</code>, that is, the number of bits where <code>x</code> and <code>y</code> differ,
or, the number of set bits in the xor of <code>x</code> and <code>y</code>.</p>
<p>This is a highly optimised version of the following naive version:</p>
<pre class='rust rust-example-rendered'>
<span class='kw'>fn</span> <span class='ident'>naive</span>(<span class='ident'>x</span>: <span class='kw-2'>&amp;</span>[<span class='ident'>u8</span>], <span class='ident'>y</span>: <span class='kw-2'>&amp;</span>[<span class='ident'>u8</span>]) <span class='op'>-&gt;</span> <span class='ident'>u64</span> {
<span class='ident'>x</span>.<span class='ident'>iter</span>().<span class='ident'>zip</span>(<span class='ident'>y</span>).<span class='ident'>fold</span>(<span class='number'>0</span>, <span class='op'>|</span><span class='ident'>a</span>, (<span class='ident'>b</span>, <span class='ident'>c</span>)<span class='op'>|</span> <span class='ident'>a</span> <span class='op'>+</span> (<span class='op'>*</span><span class='ident'>b</span> <span class='op'>^</span> <span class='op'>*</span><span class='ident'>c</span>).<span class='ident'>count_ones</span>() <span class='kw'>as</span> <span class='ident'>u64</span>)
}</pre>
<p>This function requires that <code>x</code> and <code>y</code> have the same 8-byte
alignment (that is, <code>x.as_ptr() as usize % 8 == y.as_ptr() as usize % 8</code>). If not, <code>Err</code> is returned. If sub-optimal performance
can be tolerated, consider using <code>distance</code> which incorporates a
fallback to a slower but less restrictive algorithm.</p>
<p>It is essentially guaranteed that <code>x</code> and <code>y</code> will have the same
8-byte alignment if they are both just <code>Vec&lt;u8&gt;</code>s of non-trivial
length (e.g. larger than 8) as in the example below.</p>
<p>This is implemented using the same tree-merging approach as
<code>weight</code>, see there for details.</p>
<h1 id='panics' class='section-header'><a href='#panics'>Panics</a></h1>
<p><code>x</code> and <code>y</code> must have the same length, or else <code>distance_fast</code> panics.</p>
<h1 id='performance-comparison' class='section-header'><a href='#performance-comparison'>Performance Comparison</a></h1>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: right">length</th>
<th style="text-align: right"><code>naive</code> (ns)</th>
<th style="text-align: right"><code>distance_fast</code> (ns)</th>
<th style="text-align: right"><code>naive</code>/<code>distance_fast</code></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right">1</td>
<td style="text-align: right">5</td>
<td style="text-align: right">6</td>
<td style="text-align: right">0.83</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right">10</td>
<td style="text-align: right">44</td>
<td style="text-align: right">45</td>
<td style="text-align: right">0.97</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right">100</td>
<td style="text-align: right">461</td>
<td style="text-align: right">473</td>
<td style="text-align: right">0.97</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right">1,000</td>
<td style="text-align: right">4,510</td>
<td style="text-align: right">397</td>
<td style="text-align: right">11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right">10,000</td>
<td style="text-align: right">46,700</td>
<td style="text-align: right">2,740</td>
<td style="text-align: right">17</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right">100,000</td>
<td style="text-align: right">45,600</td>
<td style="text-align: right">20,400</td>
<td style="text-align: right">22</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right">1,000,000</td>
<td style="text-align: right">4,590,000</td>
<td style="text-align: right">196,000</td>
<td style="text-align: right">23</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1 id='examples' class='section-header'><a href='#examples'>Examples</a></h1>
<pre class='rust rust-example-rendered'>
<span class='kw'>let</span> <span class='ident'>x</span> <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='macro'>vec</span><span class='macro'>!</span>[<span class='number'>0xFF</span>; <span class='number'>1000</span>];
<span class='kw'>let</span> <span class='ident'>y</span> <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='macro'>vec</span><span class='macro'>!</span>[<span class='number'>0</span>; <span class='number'>1000</span>];
<span class='macro'>assert_eq</span><span class='macro'>!</span>(<span class='ident'>hamming</span>::<span class='ident'>distance_fast</span>(<span class='kw-2'>&amp;</span><span class='ident'>x</span>, <span class='kw-2'>&amp;</span><span class='ident'>y</span>), <span class='prelude-val'>Ok</span>(<span class='number'>8</span> <span class='op'>*</span> <span class='number'>1000</span>));
<span class='comment'>// same alignment, but moderately complicated</span>
<span class='macro'>assert_eq</span><span class='macro'>!</span>(<span class='ident'>hamming</span>::<span class='ident'>distance_fast</span>(<span class='kw-2'>&amp;</span><span class='ident'>x</span>[<span class='number'>1</span>..<span class='number'>1000</span> <span class='op'>-</span> <span class='number'>8</span>], <span class='kw-2'>&amp;</span><span class='ident'>y</span>[<span class='number'>8</span> <span class='op'>+</span> <span class='number'>1</span>..]), <span class='prelude-val'>Ok</span>(<span class='number'>8</span> <span class='op'>*</span> (<span class='number'>1000</span> <span class='op'>-</span> <span class='number'>8</span> <span class='op'>-</span> <span class='number'>1</span>)));
<span class='comment'>// differing alignments</span>
<span class='macro'>assert</span><span class='macro'>!</span>(<span class='ident'>hamming</span>::<span class='ident'>distance_fast</span>(<span class='kw-2'>&amp;</span><span class='ident'>x</span>[<span class='number'>1</span>..], <span class='kw-2'>&amp;</span><span class='ident'>y</span>[..<span class='number'>999</span>]).<span class='ident'>is_err</span>());</pre>
</div></section>
<section id='search' class="content hidden"></section>
<section class="footer"></section>
<aside id="help" class="hidden">
<div>
<h1 class="hidden">Help</h1>
<div class="shortcuts">
<h2>Keyboard Shortcuts</h2>
<dl>
<dt>?</dt>
<dd>Show this help dialog</dd>
<dt>S</dt>
<dd>Focus the search field</dd>
<dt>&larrb;</dt>
<dd>Move up in search results</dd>
<dt>&rarrb;</dt>
<dd>Move down in search results</dd>
<dt>&#9166;</dt>
<dd>Go to active search result</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="infos">
<h2>Search Tricks</h2>
<p>
Prefix searches with a type followed by a colon (e.g.
<code>fn:</code>) to restrict the search to a given type.
</p>
<p>
Accepted types are: <code>fn</code>, <code>mod</code>,
<code>struct</code>, <code>enum</code>,
<code>trait</code>, <code>type</code>, <code>macro</code>,
and <code>const</code>.
</p>
<p>
Search functions by type signature (e.g.
<code>vec -> usize</code> or <code>* -> vec</code>)
</p>
</div>
</div>
</aside>
<script>
window.rootPath = "../";
window.currentCrate = "hamming";
window.playgroundUrl = "";
</script>
<script src="../jquery.js"></script>
<script src="../main.js"></script>
<script defer src="../search-index.js"></script>
</body>
</html>